Climbing Toubkal: routes, difficulty, and tips for climbing North Africa's highest mountain
- Altura Expeditions
- Jun 17
- 5 min read
Updated: 5 days ago
Jbel Toubkal , or Mount Toubkal , at 4,167 meters, is the highest point in North Africa and a classic for those seeking their first 4,000-meter peak outside of Europe. Located in Morocco 's High Atlas, it's accessible to fit climbers, but not without its challenges.
In this article, we explain the different options for climbing Toubkal , what to expect from the refuge, how to prepare for it depending on the season, and the actual difficulty level.
Where is Mount Toubkal and how do I get there?
Mount Toubkal, Morocco, is located in Toubkal National Park, about 60 kilometers south of Marrakech. Most hikes to Toubkal begin in the village of Imlil, at 1,740 m, which is easily reached by taxi or private transport from Marrakech.
Several trekking routes depart from Imlil, ascending the Mizane Valley to the refuge, located at over 3,000 meters.
Toubkal Refuge: the base camp for the climb
At an altitude of approximately 3,200 meters, the CAF (French Alpine Club) Refuge and the Les Mouflons Refuge are located next to each other. They are the usual base for spending the night before attempting the summit.
There you sleep in shared bunks, enjoy a hot dinner, and enjoy an international atmosphere. Many mountaineers choose to spend one or two nights here, not only to rest, but also to improve their acclimatization before the climb to Toubkal .
Options for climbing Toubkal
1. Classic route in 2 days
Imlil – Refuge – Summit – Return
The most common option: climb from Imlil to the refuge on the first day (about 5–6 hours), sleep there, and then ascend Toubkal at dawn the next day. Then descend to the refuge and continue to Imlil.
💡 Good if you are short on time and are acclimatized.
⚠️ Physically demanding due to the accumulated elevation gain in just two days.
2. Route with three four-thousanders in 3 days
Includes Ras, Timesguida and Toubkal
Ideal if you want something more comprehensive and progressive. The second day includes summits such as Timesguida (4,089 m) and Ras Ouanoukrim (4,083 m) from the refuge, and the third day includes an ascent of Toubkal .
🏔️ More acclimatization and less overcrowding.
🔁 Same refuge, but three peaks.
3. Circular route through the Azzaden Valley
A more adventurous option that enters through the Azzaden Valley and connects to the refuge via the Tizi n'Ouanoums Pass. It can be done in 3 or 4 days.
🌄 Different landscapes and more variety.
🚐 Logistics are required to link the start and finish.
4. Winter ascent
In winter, Toubkal in Morocco offers an alpine experience, with snow, ice, and extreme temperatures. Crampons, an ice axe, and technical clothing are required, as is experience in winter mountaineering or a guide.
❄️ More technical, ideal for experienced mountaineers.
🌬️ Conditions can change quickly.
How difficult is the climb to Toubkal?
Toubkal Difficulty: In summer, the classic route is a physically demanding but technically straightforward climb. There are no difficult sections, but the gradient and altitude can cause problems if you're not acclimatized.
In winter, the difficulty increases considerably. The route may have hard snow, patches of ice, and greater exposure. Previous experience and a professional guide are required here.
Elevation gain from Imlil: approx. 2,400 m cumulative
Total walking time: between 16 and 20 hours in 2 days
Maximum altitude: 4,167 m
Is a guide required to climb Toubkal?
Since early 2019 , following the tragic murder of two tourists in December 2018, Morocco has stipulated that climbing Toubkal is not permitted without an official local guide , particularly on the classic route from Imlil to the refuge and summit, with regular checks managed by the Royal Gendarmerie.
Although some mountaineers report having climbed without a guide, these routes are technically illegal and carry the risk of a fine.
Advantages of hiring a guide from Europe:
✅ He is well-versed in the local culture and acts as an interpreter, facilitating communication with Berber guides, muleteers, and Atlas villagers.
✅ A better understanding of your needs , as there's a person who speaks your language and can clearly explain the trekking schedule, challenges, and logic.
✅ Better pre-trip logistics : Helps you plan your route, shelter reservations, transportation, and equipment, reviewing them before you travel.
✅ Technical and emotional support during the trek: someone dedicated to ensuring that the pace, acclimatization, and rest periods are right for you.
In short: more than just a legal requirement, having a guide also provides safety , comfort , and a cultural connection that will enrich your experience climbing Mount Toubkal.
What to bring for the Toubkal trek?
🎒 Backpack and rest
✔️ Comfortable trekking backpack (30–40L) to carry clothes, water and food.
🛌 Lightweight sleeping bag , useful for cool nights in the shelter (which comes with mattresses and blankets).
🥾 Footwear and technical equipment
🥾 Waterproof and durable hiking boots with good grip.
👟 Comfortable slippers to wear in the shelter and rest your feet.
🦯 Telescopic poles , ideal for gaining stability and relieving knees on descents.
⛏️ Crampons and ice axe in case of snow or ice, depending on the time of year.
🧭 Technical and warm clothing
👕 Technical T-shirts : breathable for daytime wear and thermal to retain heat.
👖 Durable trekking pants , along with thermal tights for cold nights and early mornings.
🧥 Lightweight fleece for cool days.
🦺 Down jacket or equivalent for the intense cold at the summit.
🌧️ Waterproof and windproof jacket with a breathable membrane for rain and wind.
🧢 Accessories and protection
🧤 Thermal gloves , hat and buff/neck warmer to protect from the cold and wind.
🕶️ High-protection sunglasses and blizzard goggles for snowy or windy conditions.
🌞 High protection sunscreen and lip balm (SPF 50+).
💧 Canteen or camelback with at least 1.5 liters of capacity for constant hydration.
🔦 Headlamp with spare batteries for activities in the dark.
🩹 Personal toiletry bag with a basic first-aid kit: bandages, medicines, and hygiene items.
Frequently asked questions about Toubkal
What is the best time to trek to Toubkal?
May to October if you're looking for more stable, snow-free conditions. November to April for winter mountaineering.
Do I need to book the shelter in advance?
Yes, during peak season, especially in summer or on holidays. In winter, there's usually space, but it's best to check ahead.
Do you need permission to go up?
It's not mandatory, but since 2018, security checks have been in place, and you must report your route to Imlil and be accompanied by an accredited guide.
In summary
The climb to Mount Toubkal can be as simple or as comprehensive as you like: from a quick two-day getaway to a trek of several 4,000-meter peaks deep in the Atlas Mountains. Whichever option you choose, the ascent of Mount Toubkal is an experience that combines physical challenge, stunning landscapes, and a true immersion in the culture of southern Morocco .
Are you up to climb Toubkal?
At Altura Expeditions , we organize tailor-made routes in the High Atlas with local guides, complete logistics, and a responsible philosophy.
Check out this signature route we have planned for October:
Write to us and we'll advise you without obligation. We'll help you find the best option for your level, your goals, and the time of year.
📬 Direct contact: write to us at info@alturaexpeditions.com or call us at +34 684 79 41 56
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